Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Pilot Testing of the Young Children’s Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) in the Dutch Culture

Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, to use a measure like the Young Children’s Participation Environment Measure (YC-PEM) in other than original English-speaking contexts, cultural adaptation needs be assured. The objective is cross-culturally translate, adapt, pilot test YC-PEM into Dutch language culture. In total 3 cognitive interviews with caregivers one focus group Occupational Therapists (N = 5) working early intervention were conducted evaluate relevance of content for context. Data was analyzed by analysis using semantic, idiomatic, content, conceptual equivalence. tested 31 children without disabilities. Setting specific estimates internal consistency test–retest reliability obtained. Results show adaptations mainly focused on equivalence, equivalence being most challenging reach. Internal varied from .42 .93 scales .74 .83 environmental scale. This study gives preliminary evidence culturally adapted Belgium Netherlands. Further validation larger sample indicated its psychometric properties.